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Vol 7, No 2 (2006)
Bing Pan, Helene Hembrooke, Geri Gay, Gerald C. Gonsalves
This paper proposes a general conceptual model for the access of digital libraries based on relevant research in information retrieval, information seeking and foraging, and activity based design theory. The authors reveal that a gap exists in current digital library design practices in which a digital library is disconnected from its targeted user community. Search engines have disintermediated many digital library interfaces and their related evaluation and usability efforts. Many digital libraries are losing their users since users have learned how to use search engines to access open Web content of collective knowledge of a wider mass instead of a specific digital library. Accordingly the authors promote a marketing orientation of digital library design and argue that we should sell the digital library in users’ familiar information environment.
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Nicholaos Mourkoussis, Manjula Patel, Martin White
The concept of an application profile (AP) has been developed to allow implementers to draw on metadata terms from existing vocabularies and customise them for a local application. APs play an important role in enhancing interoperability between diverse applications. From our experience of encoding an AP targeted to the digital heritage domain, we have devised a generalized XML Schemas Definition (XSD) framework capable of satisfying the functional and modelling characteristics of APs with either flat or nested structures. This paper presents the framework and its technical implementation, its potential impact on the development of dynamic machine- processible APs, and its current limitations. The framework presented has a layered structure to explicitly separate the authoritative, the non-authoritative, and the application profile schemas. We believe this framework to be an important step in encoding APs that can be dynamically updated with information relating to the terms they reuse, directly from schemas on remote locations (e.g. the web), enabling the automatic creation and validation of AP instance records.
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Jeff Ubois
This article presents the results of a project completed in May, 2005 at the University of California, Berkeley to measure the accessibility of historic television broadcasts. The first section describes a model of the accessibility of news and entertainment broadcasts, and the second section applies this model in an attempted reconstruction of the interaction on television between then-Vice President Dan Quayle and the fictional character Murphy Brown. The final section compares the results with the ruling in Encyclopaedia Britannica Educational Corp. v. Crooks, 542 F. Supp. 1156 (W.D.N.Y. 1982), which has restricted the sharing of video broadcasts recorded off the air for academic use, and offers some suggestions for future research.
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